Действенность мер российской научной политики: что говорит мировой опыт
Для цитирования
Тамбовцев В. Л. Действенность мер российской научной политики: что говорит мировой опыт // Управление наукой: теория и практика. 2020. Том 2. № 1. С. 15-39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2020.2.1.1
Аннотация
Исходя из анализа большого числа эмпирических исследований, выявляющих последствия мер научных политик, проводимых во многих странах мира, в статье показано, что проводимая в России государственная научная политика включает инструменты, которые на самом деле препятствуют достижению продекларированных в ней целей. Установлено, что лишены научных оснований такие компоненты отечественной научной политики, как включённые в неё механизмы повышения публичной подотчётности науки, намерения финансировать исследования в основном на конкурсной основе, стремления развивать науку преимущественно в университетах (причём силами преподавателей), а также реализуемый на практике тренд на укрупнение исследовательских организаций. Приводимые результаты эмпирических исследований, проведённых во многих странах, показывают, что подотчётность обществу в действительности превращена в подотчётность чиновникам органов государственного управления. Финансирование исследований на конкурсной основе снижает вероятность проведения принципиально новых исследований. Принуждение всех преподавателей публиковать научные статьи, притом в высокоцитируемых журналах, заставляет сокращать время на повышение качества учебных занятий, а укрупнение учебных и научных организаций увеличивает издержки координации и не приводит к получению более значительных научных результатов.
Ключевые слова:
научная политика, научная обоснованность политики, подотчётность обществу, библиометрические индикаторы, продуктивность научных исследований
Литература
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Glänzel W. Seven Myths in Bibliometrics: About facts and fiction in quantitative science studies // COLLNET Journal of Scientometrics and Information Management. 2008. Vol. 2. Iss. 1. P. 9–17.
Курбатова М. В., Апарина Н. Ф., Донова И. В., Каган Е. С. Формализация деятельности преподавателя и эффективность деятельности вузов // Теrrа Economicus. 2014. Т. 12. № 4. С. 33–51.
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Статья
Поступила: 13.12.2019
Опубликована: 25.03.2020
Форматы цитирования
Другие форматы цитирования:
APA
Тамбовцев, В. Л. (2020). Действенность мер российской научной политики: что говорит мировой опыт. Управление наукой: теория и практика, 2(1), 15-39. https://doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2020.2.1.1
Раздел
Научно-технологическая политика
